Changes in the structure of a zooplankton community during a Ceratium (dinoflagellate) bloom in a eutrophic fishless pond

The community structure of zooplankton was studied in a eutrophic, fishless Japanese pond. The ecosystem was dominated by a dinoflagellate, Ceratium hirundinella, two filter-feeding cladocerans, Daphnia rosea and Ceriodaphnia reticulata, and an invertebrate predator, the dipteran Chaoborus flavicans. The midsummer zooplankton community showed a large change in species composition (the Daphnia population crashed) when a heavy Ceratium bloom occurred. It is shown that (i) the rapid density decline of D.rosea in mid-May was mainly caused by a shortage of edible phytoplankton, which was facilitated by the rapid increase in C.hirundinella abundance; (ii) the low density of D.rosea in June-July was considered to be mainly caused by the blooming of Ceratium hirundinella (which may inhibit the feeding process of D.rosea), while predation by C.flavicans larvae, the changing temperature, the interspecific competition and the scarcity of edible algae were not judged to be important; (iii) the high summer biomass of the planktonic C.flavicans larvae was maintained by the bloom of C.hirundinella, because >90% of the crop contents of C.flavicans larvae were C.hirundinella during this period. The present study indicates that the large-sized cells or colonies of phytoplankton are not only inedible by most cladocerans, but the selective effect of the blooming of these algae can also influence the composition and dominance of the zooplankton community, especially for the filter-feeding Cladocera, in a similar way as the selective predation by planktivorous fish. The large-sized phytoplankton can also be an important alternative food for ominivorous invertebrate predators such as Chaoborus larvae, and thus may affect the interactions between these predators and their zooplanktonic prey. In this way, such phytoplankton may play a very important role in regulating the dynamics of the aquatic food web, and become a driving force in shaping the community structure of zooplankton.

转基因鱼试验湖浮游生物群落DNA指纹拓扑结构与优势种的关系

针对多福转基因鱼试验湖的浮游生物群落进行了随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)研究,并与优势种类组成进行了相关分析．结果显示：9条引物共检测到76条长度在200—1200bp的谱带,其中共有带占5.3％,特有条带占40.8％,谱带多态率为94.7％；共观察到的25种优势种中有长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)、近邻剑水蚤(Cyclops vicinus)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、角甲藻(Ceratium hirundinella)和圆筒锥囊藻(Dinobr

蓝裸甲藻有性生殖的初步观察

<正> 早在1879年,Joseph就描述了Peridinium stygium的配子融合现象。之后的近八十年中,对甲藻生活史中是否存在有性生殖一直存在着争论。直至Von Stosch(1964)报道了Ceratium horridium和C.cornutum有性生殖核配的详细过程后,甲藻的有性生殖才得到公认。迄今,至少已在15属30种甲藻的生活史中观察到有性阶段。 Andersoa等人经大量的研究,证明:Gonyaulax tamarensis的周期性赤潮起源于海底沉积物中的休眠合子。在Gonyaula

Genetic Diversity of the Plankton Community and Its Relation to Taxonomic Composition and Environmental Factors in Lake Xiliang

Genetic diversity of the plankton community in Lake Xiliang was depicted by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) fingerprinting. Seventy-seven bands (33 of 16S rDNA and 44 of 18S rDNA) were detected, sixty-two planktonic taxa were identified in six sample stations in November 2007. The most common taxa were Ceratium hirundinella, Bdelloidea, Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra trigla, and copepod nauplii. Based on environmental factors, taxonomic composition, and PCR-DGGE fingerprinting, unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages clustering and principal components analysis were used to analyze habitat similarities. There was distinct spatial heterogeneity in Lake Xiliang, and the genetic diversity of the plankton community was closely related to taxonomic composition and environmental factors.